跨國羽球教練湯仙虎生涯歷程之個案研究

Abstract

身為羽球運動員，瞭解這種以全身性的跑、跳，結合技、戰術與臨場應變調整的運動，想成功可說是是難上加難。本研究以中國國家隊榮譽顧問湯仙虎教練為個案，研究對象他曾在國際賽12個年頭戰無不勝、37歲仍獲得亞運金牌，協助中國成為世界羽壇霸主的生涯歷程，結合Super五階段的生涯發展理論，研究目的在探究他的選手生命故事與執教生涯。研究方法則透過半結構式訪談、參與觀察、文件蒐集進行質性資料分析。研究發現：一、他身為運動員保持高度的自信心，懷著相信會成功的強大信念；身為教練則除對技術與戰術有透澈的瞭解，人才也著重培養正向思考與自信心的內在能力。二、面對轉換時，他瞭解自己的興趣後就全力以赴。個案生涯發展對應Super生涯發展理論來觀之，發現個案儘管前四階段吻合生涯發展目標及特徵，但在生涯發展至今無衰退現象與Super之理論第五階段略有不同。可發現個案因屬跨國人材，受到不同背景、環境、文化等影響，年至73歲對自我的生涯規劃，雖已離開職業競技場，卻堅持發展學校與培育基層，走向產業的經營者的道路，歷經選手至教練、教練之經營者的二度生涯轉換，人生未見進入衰退期之跡象，可能與持續秉持著最初對羽球的喜愛與執著息息相關。

The purpose of the study was to investigate and analyze Xian-Hu Tang, the consultant of the Chinese National Badminton teams, the unbeaten badminton player and a successful multinational coach by implementing Super’s five life and career development stages. Xian-Hu Tang was the winners in innumerable games in 12 successive years and earned a golden metal at his age of 37 at Asian Games. The process of the research involved semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentary analysis strategy for collecting the data. It was found that: (a) as a badminton player, confidence is the key element toward success. As a badminton coach, strategies and tactics are fundamental instruments in developing positive thinking and inner will. (b) Xian-Hu Tang devoted every effort to become an extraordinary coach while confronting the career transition. The study cannot totally fit Super’s five life and career development stages. Even though Xian-Hu Tang has been reaching the retirement for years, the decline stage of Super’s theory does not exactly exist in his career. The passion and persistence drive him for passing down the badminton experiences, techniques, and inheritance at schools.