邊緣／異己之歌：五位性別少數的性別認同與學校生活適應

Abstract

本研究從五位性別少數的主體觀點出發，呈現其性別認同的面向，目的在於檢視這些性別少數抗拒主流性別認同發展的過程，希望透過描寫他們的生命故事，能夠替那些邊緣／異己發聲，並且思考性別多元的可能。本研究採取質性研究，邀請五位性別少數者擔任研究參與者。資料收集方面，採取半結構式的訪談方法，訪談他們的生命世界，包括家庭、學校，以及構成他們性別認同發展之過程。當研究逐漸成形時，我們也可以發現性別議題有很多值得探討的空間，故本研究將焦點放在幾個問題意識上，分別是「性別少數如何面對自己的生活世界？」、「性別少數如何適應學校生活？」、「性別少數如何建構其性別認同？」，以了解性別少數如何在性別二元中尋找詮釋自我的新意。 在研究發現的部分，首先，在分別呈現五位性別少數的生命經驗後，結果歸納出她們有以下幾個主要的性別認同展演特質：分別是顛覆叛逆的性別特質、孤單早熟的人生旅程、獨善其身的處世原則。接著，整理歸納五位性別少數在學校生活適應上，面對同儕、教師或行政人員壓迫時採用的抵抗策略，分別為「自我肯認」、「喬裝矇騙」、「見機行事」、「特殊才能」與「降低風險」。最後，研究者再根據他們的性別認同和在學校所遭受的對待，提出結論與啟示。This research, adopting the perspectives of five sexual minorities, tried to represent gender identity and school life adaptation of their world. This paper examines their attitudes, practices, and beliefs about gender identity issues and lifestyle. There are five sexual minorities volunteering to be our participants, who are labeled as “lesbian”, “gay”, “bisexuality” and “transgender” by social world. Qualitative method such as semi-structure interview is employed. The interview data covers almost every aspect of their life, including dating, friendship, school and family. As these studies have progressed, so have the inclusion of gender issues in the large conversation. Therefore, this paper will center on: How have sexual minorities exposed categories such as family and school? How do sexual minorities adapt their school life? How do sexual minorities construct their gender identity? And, how do sexual minorities engage in sense-making beyond the hetro/homo duality to construct social differences in new and meaningful ways? The research findings are as follows: First of all, there are some features of their gender performance. For example, they tend to be having traits like subversion and rebellion, having an early-maturing life course and conduct themselves virtuously.Secondly, in the school life adaptation, it is found that they have different coping strategies when they facing oppressions. Finally, based on their gender identity and experiences in school, conclusions and announcements are proposed.